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Many neuron types consist of populations with continuously varying molecular properties. Here, we show a continuum of postsynaptic molecular properties in three types of neurons and assess the functional correlates in cerebellar unipolar brush cells (UBCs). While UBCs are generally thought to form discrete functional subtypes, with mossy fiber (MF) activation increasing firing in ON-UBCs and suppressing firing in OFF-UBCs, recent work also points to a heterogeneity of response profiles. Indeed, we find a continuum of response profiles that reflect the graded and inversely correlated expression of excitatory mGluR1 and inhibitory mGluR2/3 pathways. MFs coactivate mGluR2/3 and mGluR1 in many UBCs, leading to sequential inhibition-excitation because mGluR2/3-currents are faster. Additionally, we show that DAG-kinase controls mGluR1 response duration, and that graded DAG kinase levels correlate with systematic variation of response duration over two orders of magnitude. These results demonstrate that continuous variations in metabotropic signaling can generate a stable cell-autonomous basis for temporal integration and learning over multiple time scales.
Pubmed ID: 34620856
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Multi paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth generation programming language developed by MathWorks. Allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages, including C, C++, Java, Fortran and Python. Used to explore and visualize ideas and collaborate across disciplines including signal and image processing, communications, control systems, and computational finance.
View all literature mentionsData repository specifically focused on storage and dissemination of omic data generated from BRAIN Initiative and related brain research projects. Data repository and archive for BCDC and BICCN project, among others. NeMO data include genomic regions associated with brain abnormalities and disease, transcription factor binding sites and other regulatory elements, transcription activity, levels of cytosine modification, histone modification profiles and chromatin accessibility.
View all literature mentionsWeb based analytics environment for genomic data arising from BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network, based on AnnoJ browser. AnnoJ browser displays epigenomic data, including base resolution DNA methylation, RNA-Seq, ChIP-Seq, as well as annotations.
View all literature mentionsPortal enabling web based visualization and analysis of multi omic data describing cell types in developing and adult brain, powered by gEAR and EpiViz. Release 1 on April 2019 includes single cell and bulk tissue RNAseq, ATACseq, and ChIPseq from fetal human prefrontal cortex, as well as from stem cell models of neural induction. Portal will expand to include multiple regions of developing and adult brain and additional analytical tools.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsConsortium for the cell census in the brain. Integrated network of data generating centers, data archives, and data standards developers, with the goal of systematic multimodal brain cell type profiling and characterization. Emphasis of the BICCN is on the whole mouse brain with demonstration of prototype feasibility for human and nonhuman primate brains.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. NIH tombstone webpage lists Project Period : 2009 - 2013. NIH funded project to create EEG and MEG ontologies and ontology based tools. These resources will be used to support representation, classification, and meta-analysis of brain electromagnetic data. Three pillars of NEMO are: DATA, ONTOLOGY, and DATABASE. NEMO data consist of raw EEG, averaged EEG (ERPs), and ERP data analysis results. NEMO ontologies include concepts related to ERP data (including spatial and temporal features of ERP patterns), data provenance, and cognitive and linguistic paradigms that were used to collect data. NEMO database portal is large repository that stores NEMO consortium data, data analysis results, and data provenance. EEG and MEG ontologies and ontology-based tools to support representation, classification, and meta-analysis of brain electromagnetic data. Raw EEG and ERP data may be uploaded to the NEMO FTP site.
View all literature mentionsWelcome to the Neuroscience Information Framework Project, designed to serve the biomedical research community. NIF maintains the largest searchable collection of neuroscience data, the largest catalog of biomedical resources, and the largest ontology for neuroscience on the web. We welcome all feedback and suggestions and are actively looking for resource providers to make their resources accessible through NIF. Learn about the tools available to help you share your data and discover a dynamic inventory of Web-based neuroscience resources.
