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 PMID:32728249  

Expanded encyclopaedias of DNA elements in the human and mouse genomes.

ENCODE Project Consortium | Jill E Moore | Michael J Purcaro | Henry E Pratt | Charles B Epstein | Noam Shoresh | Jessika Adrian | Trupti Kawli | Carrie A Davis | Alexander Dobin | Rajinder Kaul | Jessica Halow | Eric L Van Nostrand | Peter Freese | David U Gorkin | Yin Shen | Yupeng He | Mark Mackiewicz | Florencia Pauli-Behn | Brian A Williams | Ali Mortazavi | Cheryl A Keller | Xiao-Ou Zhang | Shaimae I Elhajjajy | Jack Huey | Diane E Dickel | Valentina Snetkova | Xintao Wei | Xiaofeng Wang | Juan Carlos Rivera-Mulia | Joel Rozowsky | Jing Zhang | Surya B Chhetri | Jialing Zhang | Alec Victorsen | Kevin P White | Axel Visel | Gene W Yeo | Christopher B Burge | Eric Lécuyer | David M Gilbert | Job Dekker | John Rinn | Eric M Mendenhall | Joseph R Ecker | Manolis Kellis | Robert J Klein | William S Noble | Anshul Kundaje | Roderic Guigó | Peggy J Farnham | J Michael Cherry | Richard M Myers | Bing Ren | Brenton R Graveley | Mark B Gerstein | Len A Pennacchio | Michael P Snyder | Bradley E Bernstein | Barbara Wold | Ross C Hardison | Thomas R Gingeras | John A Stamatoyannopoulos | Zhiping Weng
Nature | 2020

The human and mouse genomes contain instructions that specify RNAs and proteins and govern the timing, magnitude, and cellular context of their production. To better delineate these elements, phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) Project has expanded analysis of the cell and tissue repertoires of RNA transcription, chromatin structure and modification, DNA methylation, chromatin looping, and occupancy by transcription factors and RNA-binding proteins. Here we summarize these efforts, which have produced 5,992 new experimental datasets, including systematic determinations across mouse fetal development. All data are available through the ENCODE data portal (https://www.encodeproject.org), including phase II ENCODE1 and Roadmap Epigenomics2 data. We have developed a registry of 926,535 human and 339,815 mouse candidate cis-regulatory elements, covering 7.9 and 3.4% of their respective genomes, by integrating selected datatypes associated with gene regulation, and constructed a web-based server (SCREEN; http://screen.encodeproject.org) to provide flexible, user-defined access to this resource. Collectively, the ENCODE data and registry provide an expansive resource for the scientific community to build a better understanding of the organization and function of the human and mouse genomes.

Pubmed ID: 32728249

Associated grants

  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U24 HG009397
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG006991
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: F32 HG006993
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 GM087237
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG007036
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: UM1 HG009390
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U24 HG009446
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: UM1 HG009442
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA014195
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG007004
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG007033
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG006996
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG009431
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 HG003143
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG007037
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG007005
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG007002
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA008748
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U41 HG006992
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 HG000044
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA045508
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DK068634
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG007019
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG007010
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R24 DK106766
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG006994
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG006997
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM083337
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R37 DK050107
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U41 HG007000
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: UM1 HG009411
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 HG006998

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Systems Transcriptional Activity Reconstruction (tool)

RRID:SCR_005622

A next-generation web-based application that aims to provide an integrated solution for both visualization and analysis of deep-sequencing data, along with simple access to public datasets.

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UCSC Genome Browser (tool)

RRID:SCR_005780

Portal to interactively visualize genomic data. Provides reference sequences and working draft assemblies for collection of genomes and access to ENCODE and Neanderthal projects. Includes collection of vertebrate and model organism assemblies and annotations, along with suite of tools for viewing, analyzing and downloading data.

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ENCODE (tool)

RRID:SCR_006793

Encyclopedia of DNA elements consisting of list of functional elements in human genome, including elements that act at protein and RNA levels, and regulatory elements that control cells and circumstances in which gene is active. Enables scientific and medical communities to interpret role of human genome in biology and disease. Provides identification of common cell types to facilitate integrative analysis and new experimental technologies based on high-throughput sequencing. Genome Browser containing ENCODE and Epigenomics Roadmap data. Data are available for entire human genome.

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VISTA Enhancer Browser (tool)

RRID:SCR_007973

Resource for experimentally validated human and mouse noncoding fragments with gene enhancer activity as assessed in transgenic mice. Most of these noncoding elements were selected for testing based on their extreme conservation in other vertebrates or epigenomic evidence (ChIP-Seq) of putative enhancer marks. Central public database of experimentally validated human and mouse noncoding fragments with gene enhancer activity as assessed in transgenic mice. Users can retrieve elements near single genes of interest, search for enhancers that target reporter gene expression to particular tissue, or download entire collections of enhancers with defined tissue specificity or conservation depth.

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GENCODE (tool)

RRID:SCR_014966

Human and mouse genome annotation project which aims to identify all gene features in the human genome using computational analysis, manual annotation, and experimental validation.

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Encode (tool)

RRID:SCR_015482

Consortium to build comprehensive parts list of functional elements in human genome. This includes elements that act at protein and RNA levels, and regulatory elements that control cells and circumstances in which gene is active. Data from 2012-present.

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Atac (tool)

RRID:SCR_015980

Alignment analysis software tool for comparative mapping between two genome assemblies or between two different genomes. It can cache intermediate results to speed a comparisons of multiple sequences.

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Cistrome (tool)

RRID:SCR_017663

Web based integrative platform for transcriptional regulation studies.

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Salk Institute Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility (IGC) (tool)

RRID:SCR_014842

Core facility established to assist the Salk community with integrating genomics data into their research. The primary focus of the core is to provide analysis support for next-generation sequencing applications.

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Visual Statistics Group (tool)

RRID:SCR_008317

The general goal is to achieve a deeper understanding of natural image statistics because from this knowledge it should be possible to explain the behavior of the visual cortex and propose new alternatives in a number of applications in image processing and computer vision in which the basic problem is the choice of an appropriate signal representation. The range of basic and applied topics in which we are currently working include: * Mathematical models of human vision * Statistical image models * Image distortion metrics * Image coding * Motion estimation * Video coding * Image restoration * Color representation

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K-562 (tool)

RRID:CVCL_0004

Cell line K-562 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)

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