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 PMID:31248462  

Sewage effluent from an Indian hospital harbors novel carbapenemases and integron-borne antibiotic resistance genes.

Nachiket P Marathe | Fanny Berglund | Mohammad Razavi | Chandan Pal | Johannes Dröge | Sharvari Samant | Erik Kristiansson | D G Joakim Larsson
Microbiome | 2019

Hospital wastewaters contain fecal material from a large number of individuals, of which many are undergoing antibiotic therapy. It is, thus, plausible that hospital wastewaters could provide opportunities to find novel carbapenemases and other resistance genes not yet described in clinical strains. Our aim was therefore to investigate the microbiota and antibiotic resistome of hospital effluent collected from the city of Mumbai, India, with a special focus on identifying novel carbapenemases.

Pubmed ID: 31248462

Research resources used in this publication

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Antibodies used in this publication

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Associated grants

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Hmmer (tool)

RRID:SCR_005305

Tool for searching sequence databases for homologs of protein sequences, and for making protein sequence alignments. It implements methods using probabilistic models called profile hidden Markov models (profile HMMs). Compared to BLAST, FASTA, and other sequence alignment and database search tools based on older scoring methodology, HMMER aims to be significantly more accurate and more able to detect remote homologs because of the strength of its underlying mathematical models. In the past, this strength came at significant computational expense, but in the new HMMER3 project, HMMER is now essentially as fast as BLAST.

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CD-HIT (tool)

RRID:SCR_007105

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software program for clustering biological sequences with many applications in various fields such as making non-redundant databases, finding duplicates, identifying protein families, filtering sequence errors and improving sequence assembly etc. It is very fast and can handle extremely large databases. CD-HIT helps to significantly reduce the computational and manual efforts in many sequence analysis tasks and aids in understanding the data structure and correct the bias within a dataset. The CD-HIT package has CD-HIT, CD-HIT-2D, CD-HIT-EST, CD-HIT-EST-2D, CD-HIT-454, CD-HIT-PARA, PSI-CD-HIT, CD-HIT-OTU and over a dozen scripts. * CD-HIT (CD-HIT-EST) clusters similar proteins (DNAs) into clusters that meet a user-defined similarity threshold. * CD-HIT-2D (CD-HIT-EST-2D) compares 2 datasets and identifies the sequences in db2 that are similar to db1 above a threshold. * CD-HIT-454 identifies natural and artificial duplicates from pyrosequencing reads. * CD-HIT-OTU cluster rRNA tags into OTUs The usage of other programs and scripts can be found in CD-HIT user''s guide. CD-HIT was originally developed by Dr. Weizhong Li at Dr. Adam Godzik''s Lab at the Burnham Institute (now Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute).

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VFDB - Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (tool)

RRID:SCR_007969

An integrated and comprehensive database of virulence factors for bacterial pathogens (also including Chlamydia and Mycoplasma). VFDB is a platform for further study of comparative pathogenomics. Major features include tabular comparison of pathogenomic composition in terms of virulence, multiple alignments and statistic analysis of homologous virulence genes, and graphical comparison of pathogenomic organization of VFs. Category: Genomics Databases (non-vertebrate) Subcategory: Prokaryotic genome databases

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Trim Galore (tool)

RRID:SCR_011847

Software tool to automate quality and adapter trimming as well as quality control, with some added functionality to remove biased methylation positions for RRBS sequence files for directional, non-directional or paired-end sequencing. Wrapper around Cutadapt and FastQC to consistently apply adapter and quality trimming to FastQ files, with extra functionality for Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing data.

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Prodigal (tool)

RRID:SCR_011936

Software tool for protein coding gene prediction for prokaryotic genomes.

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MEGAHIT (tool)

RRID:SCR_018551

Software tool as Next Generation Sequencing assembler. Optimized for metagenomes, but also works well on generic single genome assembly (small or mammalian size) and single cell assembly. Can assemble genome sequences from metagenomic datasets of hundreds of Giga base-pairs in time and memory efficient manner on single server.

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