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Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has been proved to be the main aetiological factor in dental caries. Curcumin, a natural product, has been shown to exhibit therapeutic antibacterial activity, suggesting that curcumin may be of clinical interest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of curcumin on metabolism and biofilm formation in S. mutans using a vitro biofilm model in an artificial oral environment. S. mutans biofilms were treated with varying concentrations of curcumin. The biofilm metabolism and biofilm biomass were assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and the crystal violet assay. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to analyse the composition and extracellular polysaccharide content of S. mutans biofilm after curcumin treatment. The biofilm structure was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The gene expression of virulence-related factors was assessed by real-time PCR. The antibiofilm effect of curcumin was compared with that of chlorhexidine. The sessile minimum inhibitory concentration (SMIC50%) of curcumin against S. mutans biofilm was 500 μM. Curcumin reduced the biofilm metabolism from 5 min to 24 h. Curcumin inhibited the quantity of live bacteria and total bacteria in both the short term (5 min) and the long term. Moreover, curcumin decreased the production of extracellular polysaccharide in the short term. The expression of genes related to extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, adherence, and the two-component transduction system decreased after curcumin treatment. The chlorhexidine-treated group showed similar results. We speculate that curcumin has the capacity to be developed as an alternative agent with the potential to reduce the pathogenic traits of S. mutans biofilm.
Pubmed ID: 29682545
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Commercial vendor and service provider of laboratory reagents and antibodies. Supplier of scientific instrumentation, reagents and consumables, and software services.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsA software that is used to analyze image stacks of biofilms that were recorded by confocal microscopes. While this program does not have any statistical calculation methods, it can extract a number of quantitative parameters from the images. This software was initially developed by Arne Heydorn and Bjarne Ersboll as a MatLab script until it was expanded into an independent software in 2008.
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