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Testicular cell adhesion molecule 1 (Tcam1) is a testis-expressed gene that is evolutionarily conserved in most mammalian species. The putative location of TCAM1 on the cell surface makes it an attractive contraceptive target to study. We found that Tcam1 transcription is enriched in the adult testis, and in situ hybridization revealed that Tcam1 is expressed in pachytene to secondary spermatocytes. Immunofluorescence for TCAM1 protein showed strong expression along cell membranes of spermatocytes and weak localization to round spermatids. In light of this evidence, we hypothesized that TCAM1 interacts with an unknown receptor on the surface of Sertoli cells and that this interaction is important for germ cell-Sertoli cell interactions. However, Tcam1 knockout mice that we generated are fertile, and testis weights and sperm counts were not significantly altered. Therefore, we conclude that TCAM1 is not essential for male fertility or germ cell function in Mus musculus.
Pubmed ID: 19766163
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Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.
View all literature mentionsDatabase for genomes that have been completely sequenced, have active research community to contribute gene-specific information, or that are scheduled for intense sequence analysis. Includes nomenclature, map location, gene products and their attributes, markers, phenotypes, and links to citations, sequences, variation details, maps, expression, homologs, protein domains and external databases. All entries follow NCBI's format for data collections. Content of Entrez Gene represents result of curation and automated integration of data from NCBI's Reference Sequence project (RefSeq), from collaborating model organism databases, and from many other databases available from NCBI. Records are assigned unique, stable and tracked integers as identifiers. Content is updated as new information becomes available.
View all literature mentionsRecombineering (recombination-mediated genetic engineering) is a powerful method for fast and efficient construction of vectors for subsequent manipulation of the mouse genome or for use in cell culture experiments. It is also an efficient way of manipulating the bacterial genome directly. Recombineering is a method based on homologous recombination in E. Coli using recombination proteins provided from ? phage. Our bacterial strains contain a defective ? prophage inserted into the bacterial genome. The phage genes of interest, exo, bet, and gam, are transcribed from the ?PL promoter. This promoter is repressed by the temperature-sensitive repressor cI857 at 32C and derepressed (the repressor is inactive) at 42C. When bacteria containing this prophage are kept at 32C no recombination proteins are produced. However, after a brief (15 minutes) heat-shock at 42C a sufficient amount of recombination proteins are produced. exo is a 5''-3'' exonuclease that creates single-stranded overhangs on introduced linear DNA. bet protects these overhangs and assists in the subsequent recombination process. gam prevents degradation of linear DNA by inhibiting E. Coli RecBCD protein. Linear DNA (PCR product, oligo, etc.) with sufficient homology in the 5'' and 3'' ends to a target DNA molecule already present in the bacteria (plasmid, BAC, or the bacterial genome itself) can be introduced into heat-shocked and electrocompetent bacteria using electroporation. The introduced DNA will now be modified by exo and bet and undergo homologous recombination with the target molecule. The method is so efficient that co-electroporation of a supercoiled plasmid and a linear piece of DNA into heat-shocked, electrocompetent bacteria will work as well.
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