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Accessory nucleus
Description: Nucleus in the cervical spinal cord containing motor neurons that innervate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles in the human via nerve fibers that travel through the 11th cranial nerve (Heimer, The human brain and spinal cord, 2nd ed, 1995, pg 260)
Preferred ID: MESH:M0593051 Type: term ID# ILX:0100216 Score: 0
Nucleus raphe magnus
Description: The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted].
Preferred ID: MESH:M0591381 Type: term ID# ILX:0107791 Score: 0
Nucleus raphe obscurus
Description: The raphe obscurus projects to the cerebellar lobes VI and VII and to crus II along with the nucleus raphe pontis . This so called obscure nucleus has also been implicated in the modulation of the hypoglossal nerve. It has been observed that the ablation of this nucleus causes a change in the firing pattern in the XII nerve . In addition, the raphe obscurus mediates expiration via the inhibitory effect of serotonin and depresses periodic synaptic potentials . It has also been shown that this nucleus stimulates gastrointestinal motor function; microinjections of 5-HT into the n.r. obscurus increase gastric movement . [WP,unvetted].
Preferred ID: MESH:M0591393 Type: term ID# ILX:0107793 Score: 0
Entorhinal cortex layer 1
Description: Layer of the entorhinal cortex that is most superficial, continuous with layer 1 of adjacent neocortex and the molecular layer of the subiculum, lying deep to the pial layer and superficial to layer 2. It is relatively acellular consisting mostly of fibers running transversely relative to the cortical surface (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)
Preferred ID: UBERON:0022336 Type: term ID# ILX:0103860 Score: 0
Entorhinal cortex layer 4
Description: Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 5 and deep to layer 3, that is relatively acellular. (Paxinos, The rat nervous system, Academic Press, 1995, pg 473-474).
Preferred ID: UBERON:0022323 Type: term ID# ILX:0103865 Score: 0
Gray matter
Description: Constitutional part of central nervous system characterized by high concentrations of cell bodies and/or processes, giving the structure a gray appearance in gross preparations.
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002020 Type: term ID# ILX:0104768 Score: 0
Hippocampus regio superior of Cajal
Description: One of two cytoarchitectural divisions of the hippocampus proper proposed by Ramon y Cajal consisting of a smaller celled distal region, equivalent to CA1 in the nomenclature proposed by Lorente de No. (adapted from Paxinos G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego 1995)
Preferred ID: NLXANAT:1008015 Type: term ID# ILX:0105054 Score: 0
Infracerebellar nucleus
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:144469 Type: term ID# ILX:0105475 Score: 0
Mammillary princeps fasciculus
Description:
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002723 Type: term ID# ILX:0106504 Score: 0
Middle temporal area (Rhesus macaque)
Description: Originally described by Dubner and Zeki (1971) in rhesus macaques as "a well defined, and seeminglycondensed, projection from the striate cortex" in the posterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus. Unlike neurons in areas 17, 18, and 19 (V1, V2, V3), cells in this region "are relatively insensitive to form and position but have specific requirements of direction of movement." This region was later referred to as the middle temporal area (MT) after the presumed homologous region in owl monkeys. Zeki later termed it V5 (the fifth cortical visual area).
Preferred ID: NLX:151686 Type: term ID# ILX:0106966 Score: 0
Nucleus retroambigualis
Description: a group of neurons in the medulla at the caudal end of the nucleus ambiguus, from which the cranial part of the accessory nerve originates (adapted from Brain Info)
Preferred ID: NLX:144482 Type: term ID# ILX:0107798 Score: 0
Nucleus proprius
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:144478 Type: term ID# ILX:0107789 Score: 0
Outer granular layer of cerebellar cortex
Description: transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]
Preferred ID: UBERON:0008829 Type: term ID# ILX:0108284 Score: 0
Precentral fissure
Description: Fissure between cerebellar lobules I and II.
Preferred ID: UBERON:0014473 Type: term ID# ILX:0109192 Score: 0
Serotonergic cell group B7
Description: A group of cells that stain for serotonin located in the central gray of the pons and midbrain
Stratum lacunosum moleculare
Description: Layer of the hippocampus lying just superficial to the stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface of the hippocampus. The fibers of the perforant pathway fibers from entorhinal cortex and several other brain areas terminate in this layer. Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)
Preferred ID: UBERON:0007640 Type: term ID# ILX:0111078 Score: 0
Superior part of vestibular ganglion
Description: The part of the vestibular ganglion that receives fibers from the maculae of the utricle and the sacculae and the ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicircular ducts.
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002825 Type: term ID# ILX:0111319 Score: 0
Anterior transverse temporal gyrus
Description: The transverse temporal gyri (also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions) are found in the area of primary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 and 42. It is the first cortical structure to process incoming auditory information. Anatomically, the transverse temporal gyri are distinct in that they run mediolaterally (towards the center of the brain) rather than dorsiventrally (front to back) as all other temporal lobe gyri run. The Heschl's gyri are named after Richard L. Heschl.
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002773 Type: term ID# ILX:0100750 Score: 0
Anterior nucleus of hypothalamus
Description: a loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002634 Type: term ID# ILX:0100719 Score: 0
Anterior occipital sulcus
Description:
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002906 Type: term ID# ILX:0100723 Score: 0
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