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Accessory nucleus
Description: Nucleus in the cervical spinal cord containing motor neurons that innervate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles in the human via nerve fibers that travel through the 11th cranial nerve (Heimer, The human brain and spinal cord, 2nd ed, 1995, pg 260)
Preferred ID: MESH:M0593051 Type: term ID# ILX:0100216 Score: 0
Nucleus raphe magnus
Description: The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted].
Preferred ID: MESH:M0591381 Type: term ID# ILX:0107791 Score: 0
Nucleus raphe obscurus
Description: The raphe obscurus projects to the cerebellar lobes VI and VII and to crus II along with the nucleus raphe pontis . This so called obscure nucleus has also been implicated in the modulation of the hypoglossal nerve. It has been observed that the ablation of this nucleus causes a change in the firing pattern in the XII nerve . In addition, the raphe obscurus mediates expiration via the inhibitory effect of serotonin and depresses periodic synaptic potentials . It has also been shown that this nucleus stimulates gastrointestinal motor function; microinjections of 5-HT into the n.r. obscurus increase gastric movement . [WP,unvetted].
Preferred ID: MESH:M0591393 Type: term ID# ILX:0107793 Score: 0
11-dehydro-thromboxane B2
Description:
Preferred ID: NIFEXT:5182 Type: term ID# ILX:0100005 Score: 0
Accumbens nucleus core nucleus neuron
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:151892 Type: term ID# ILX:0100224 Score: 0
Accessory olfactory bulb glomerular layer of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153574 Type: term ID# ILX:0100218 Score: 0
Accessory facial nucleus of PHT00
Description:
Preferred ID: ILX:0100213 Type: term ID# ILX:0100213 Score: 0
Acetate
Description:
Preferred ID: NIFEXT:5232 Type: term ID# ILX:0100233 Score: 0
Amacrine neuron
Description: A neuron characterized by amacrine extensions. Discovered first by Herophilus (335-263 BC) in the retina. Considered initially without axon, now they are commonly found in nerve nets, where they may have an axon and/or dendrite.Adapted from Swanson, 2013.
Preferred ID: NLX:158403 Type: term ID# ILX:0100525 Score: 0
Amydala of WHS11
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:143678 Type: term ID# ILX:0100572 Score: 0
Aminergic neuron
Description: Any neuron (FBbt_00005106) that releases as a neurotransmitter, some amine (CHEBI:32952).
Preferred ID: NLX:148084 Type: term ID# ILX:0100536 Score: 0
Aminoalkylindole
Description:
Preferred ID: NIFEXT:5006 Type: term ID# ILX:0100538 Score: 0
Arachnoid membrane
Description: One of two leptomeningeal membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. The arachnoid membrane lies under the dura mater and above the pial membrane. It closely hugs the outside surface of the brain in many places, but does not extend into sulci in gyrencephalic species.
Preferred ID: UBERON:0002362 Type: term ID# ILX:0100870 Score: 0
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis spiny bipolar neuron
Description:
Preferred ID: ILX:0101189 Type: term ID# ILX:0101189 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division anterolateral area of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153426 Type: term ID# ILX:0101163 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division dorsomedial nucleus of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153456 Type: term ID# ILX:0101164 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153038 Type: term ID# ILX:0101176 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division principal nucleus of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153307 Type: term ID# ILX:0101177 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division ventral nucleus of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153572 Type: term ID# ILX:0101171 Score: 0
Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division rhomboid nucleus of ABA 2009
Description:
Preferred ID: NLX:153401 Type: term ID# ILX:0101170 Score: 0
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