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http://www.lasige.di.fc.ul.pt/webtools/proteinon/

ProteInOn calculates semantic similarity between GO terms or proteins annotated with GO terms. It also calculates term enrichment of protein sets, by applying a term representativity score, and gives additional information on protein interactions. The query compute protein semantic similarity returns the semantic similarity scores between all proteins entered, in matrix format. The option Measure allows users to choose one of several semantic similarity measures: Resnik, Lin, or Jiang & Conrath's measures with or without the DCA approach, plus the graph-based simUI and simGIC measures. These measures are listed by order of performance as evaluated with protein sequence similarity. The option GO type allows users to choose one of the aspects of GO: molecular function, biological process and cellular component. The option Ignore IEA limits the query to non-electronic annotations, excluding evidence types: IEA, NAS, ND, NR.

Proper citation: ProteInOn (RRID:SCR_005740) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://pbildb1.univ-lyon1.fr/virhostnet/

Public knowledge base specialized in the management and analysis of integrated virus-virus, virus-host and host-host interaction networks coupled to their functional annotations. It contains high quality and up-to-date information gathered and curated from public databases (VirusMint, Intact, HIV-1 database). It allows users to search by host gene, host/viral protein, gene ontology function, KEGG pathway, Interpro domain, and publication information. It also allows users to browse viral taxonomy.

Proper citation: VirHostNet: Virus-Host Network (RRID:SCR_005978) Copy   

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http://bioinformatics.biol.uoa.gr/AMYLPRED/

A web tool using the consensus prediction method for identifying possible amyloidogenic regions in protein sequences. This tool uses an assortment of different methods that have been found or specifically developed to predict features related to the formation of amyloid fibrils. The consensus of these methods is defined as the the hit overlap of at least two out of five methods and it is the primary output of the program. However, the individual predictions of these methods are also made available in the form of a text file, maintained on the server for 1 (one) day. Consequently, the tool predicts probable amyloidogenic determinants for a given amino acid sequence of a peptide or protein.

Proper citation: AMYL-PRED (RRID:SCR_006185) Copy   

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http://bioinformatics.biol.uoa.gr/HMM-TM/

A web tool using the Hidden Markov Model method for the topology prediction of alpha-helical membrane proteins that incorporates experimentally derived topological information. Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) have been extensively used in computational molecular biology, for modelling protein and nucleic acid sequences. In many applications, such as transmembrane protein topology prediction, the incorporation of limited amount of information regarding the topology, arising from biochemical experiments, has been proved a very useful strategy that increased remarkably the performance of even the top-scoring methods. However, no clear and formal explanation of the algorithms that retains the probabilistic interpretation of the models has been presented so far in the literature. We present here, a simple method that allows incorporation of prior topological information concerning the sequences at hand, while at the same time the HMMs retain their full probabilistic interpretation in terms of conditional probabilities. We present modifications to the standard Forward and Backward algorithms of HMMs and we also show explicitly, how reliable predictions may arise by these modifications, using all the algorithms currently available for decoding HMMs. A similar procedure may be used in the training procedure, aiming at optimizing the labels of the HMM''s classes, especially in cases such as transmembrane proteins where the labels of the membrane-spanning segments are inherently misplaced. We present an application of this approach developing a method to predict the transmembrane regions of alpha-helical membrane proteins, trained on crystallographically solved data. We show that this method compares well against already established algorithms presented in the literature, and it is extremely useful in practical applications.

Proper citation: HMM-TM (RRID:SCR_006186) Copy   

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http://bioinformatics.biol.uoa.gr/PRED-LIPO/

A web tool using the Hidden Markov Model method for the prediction of lipoprotein signal peptides of Gram-positive bacteria, trained on a set of 67 experimentally verified lipoproteins. The method outperforms LipoP and the methods based on regular expression patterns, in various data sets containing experimentally characterized lipoproteins, secretory proteins, proteins with an N-terminal TM segment and cytoplasmic proteins. The method is also very sensitive and specific in the detection of secretory signal peptides and in terms of overall accuracy outperforms even SignalP, which is the top-scoring method for the prediction of signal peptides.

Proper citation: PRED-LIPO (RRID:SCR_006187) Copy   

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http://bioinformatics.biol.uoa.gr/PRED-SIGNAL/

A web tool for prediction of signal peptides in archaea. Computational prediction of signal peptides (SPs) and their cleavage sites is of great importance in computational biology; however, currently there is no available method capable of predicting reliably the SPs of archaea, due to the limited amount of experimentally verified proteins with SPs. We performed an extensive literature search in order to identify archaeal proteins having experimentally verified SP and managed to find 69 such proteins, the largest number ever reported. A detailed analysis of these sequences revealed some unique features of the SPs of archaea, such as the unique amino acid composition of the hydrophobic region with a higher than expected occurrence of isoleucine, and a cleavage site resembling more the sequences of gram-positives with almost equal amounts of alanine and valine at the position-3 before the cleavage site and a dominant alanine at position-1, followed in abundance by serine and glycine. Using these proteins as a training set, we trained a hidden Markov model method that predicts the presence of the SPs and their cleavage sites and also discriminates such proteins from cytoplasmic and transmembrane ones.

Proper citation: PRED-SIGNAL (RRID:SCR_006181) Copy   

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http://tbdb.org

Database providing integrated access to genome sequence, expression data and literature curation for Tuberculosis (TB) that houses genome assemblies for numerous strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) as well assemblies for over 20 strains related to MTB and useful for comparative analysis. TBDB stores pre- and post-publication gene-expression data from M. tuberculosis and its close relatives, including over 3000 MTB microarrays, 95 RT-PCR datasets, 2700 microarrays for human and mouse TB related experiments, and 260 arrays for Streptomyces coelicolor. (July 2010) To enable wide use of these data, TBDB provides a suite of tools for searching, browsing, analyzing, and downloading the data.

Proper citation: Tuberculosis Database (RRID:SCR_006619) Copy   

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http://athina.biol.uoa.gr/PRED-CLASS/

A system of cascading neural networks that classifies any protein, given its amino acid sequence alone, into one of four possible classes: membrane, globular, fibrous, mixed.

Proper citation: PRED-CLASS (RRID:SCR_006216) Copy   

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http://athina.biol.uoa.gr/CoPreTHi/

A Java based web application, which combines the results of methods that predict the location of transmembrane segments in protein sequences into a joint prediction histogram. Clearly, the joint prediction algorithm, produces superior quality results than individual prediction schemes.

Proper citation: CoPreTHi (RRID:SCR_006217) Copy   

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http://www.droidb.org

A gene and protein interactions database designed specifically for the model organism Drosophila including protein-protein, transcription factor-gene, microRNA-gene, and genetic interactions. For advanced searches and dynamic graphing capabilities the IM Browser and a DroID Cytoscape plugin are available.

Proper citation: DroID - Drosophila Interactions Database (RRID:SCR_006634) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://bioinformatics.biol.uoa.gr/ConBBPRED/

A web tool for the Consensus Prediction of TransMembrane Beta-Barrel Proteins. Prediction of the transmembrane strands and topology of beta-barrel outer membrane proteins is of interest in current bioinformatics research. Several methods have been applied so far for this task, utilizing different algorithmic techniques and a number of freely available predictors exist. The methods can be grossly divided to those based on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), on Neural Networks (NNs) and on Support Vector Machines (SVMs). In this work, we compare the different available methods for topology prediction of beta-barrel outer membrane proteins. We evaluate their performance on a non-redundant dataset of 20 beta-barrel outer membrane proteins of gram-negative bacteria, with structures known at atomic resolution. Also, we describe, for the first time, an effective way to combine the individual predictors, at will, to a single consensus prediction method. We assess the statistical significance of the performance of each prediction scheme and conclude that Hidden Markov Model based methods, HMM-B2TMR, ProfTMB and PRED-TMBB, are currently the best predictors, according to either the per-residue accuracy, the segments overlap measure (SOV) or the total number of proteins with correctly predicted topologies in the test set. Furthermore, we show that the available predictors perform better when only transmembrane beta-barrel domains are used for prediction, rather than the precursor full-length sequences, even though the HMM-based predictors are not influenced significantly. The consensus prediction method performs significantly better than each individual available predictor, since it increases the accuracy up to 4% regarding SOV and up to 15% in correctly predicted topologies.

Proper citation: ConBBPRED (RRID:SCR_006194) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://biogps.org/

An extensible and customizable gene annotation portal that emphasizes community extensibility and user customizability. It is a complete resource for learning about gene and protein function. Community extensibility reflects a belief that any BioGPS user should be able to add new content to BioGPS using the simple plugin interface, completely independently of the core developer team. User customizability recognizes that not all users are interested in the same set of gene annotation data, so the gene report layouts enable each user to define the information that is most relevant to them. Currently, BioGPS supports eight species: Human (Homo sapiens), Mouse (Mus musculus), Rat (Rattus norvegicus), Fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster), Nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), Zebrafish (Danio rerio), Thale-cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), Frog (Xenopus tropicalis), and Pig (Sus scrofa). BioGPS presents data in an ortholog-centric format, which allows users to display mouse plugins next to human ones. Our data for defining orthologs comes from NCBI's HomoloGene database.

Proper citation: BioGPS: The Gene Portal Hub (RRID:SCR_006433) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://scansite.mit.edu/

Scansite searches for motifs within proteins that are likely to be phosphorylated by specific protein kinases or bind to domains such as SH2 domains, 14-3-3 domains or PDZ domains. The Motifscanner program utilizes an entropy approach that assesses the probability of a site matching the motif using the selectivity values and sums the logs of the probability values for each amino acid in the candidate sequence. The program then indicates the percentile ranking of the candidate motif in respect to all potential motifs in proteins of a protein database. When available, percentile scores of some confirmed phosphorylation sites for the kinase of interests or confirmed binding sites of the domain of interest are provided for comparison with the scores of the candidate motifs.

Proper citation: Scansite (RRID:SCR_007026) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.iiserpune.ac.in/~coee/histome/

Database of human histone variants, sites of their post-translational modifications and various histone modifying enzymes. The database covers 5 types of histones, 8 types of their post-translational modifications and 13 classes of modifying enzymes. Many data fields are hyperlinked to other databases (e.g. UnprotKB/Swiss-Prot, HGNC, OMIM, Unigene etc.). Additionally, this database also provides sequences of promoter regions (-700 TSS +300) for all gene entries. These sequences were extracted from the UCSC genome browser. Sites of post-translational modifications of histones were manually searched from PubMed listed literature. Current version contains information for about ~50 histone proteins and ~150 histone modifying enzymes. HIstome is a combined effort of researchers from two institutions, Advanced Center for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Navi Mumbai and Center of Excellence in Epigenetics (CoEE), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune.

Proper citation: HIstome: The Histone Infobase (RRID:SCR_006972) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.hprd.org

Database that represents a centralized platform to visually depict and integrate information pertaining to domain architecture, post-translational modifications, interaction networks and disease association for each protein in the human proteome. All the information in HPRD has been manually extracted from the literature by expert biologists who read, interpret and analyze the published data.

Proper citation: HPRD - Human Protein Reference Database (RRID:SCR_007027) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://probeexplorer.cicancer.org/principal.php

Probe Explorer is an open access web-based bioinformatics application designed to show the association between microarray oligonucleotide probes and transcripts in the genomic context, but flexible enough to serve as a simplified genome and transcriptome browser. Coordinates and sequences of the genomic entities (loci, exons, transcripts), including vector graphics outputs, are provided for fifteen metazoa organisms and two yeasts. Alignment tools are used to built the associations between Affymetrix microarrays probe sequences and the transcriptomes (for human, mouse, rat and yeasts). Search by keywords is available and user searches and alignments on the genomes can also be done using any DNA or protein sequence query. Platform: Online tool

Proper citation: ProbeExplorer (RRID:SCR_007116) Copy   

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http://xin.cz3.nus.edu.sg/group/cjttd/ttd.asp

A database to provide information about the known and explored therapeutic protein and nucleic acid targets, the targeted disease, pathway information and the corresponding drugs/ligands directed at each of these targets. Also included in this database are links to relevant databases that contain information about the function, sequence, 3D structure, ligand binding properties, enzyme nomenclature and related literatures of each target.This database currently contains 1535 targets and 2107 drugs/ligands. Queries can be submitted by entering or selecting the required information in any one or combination of the five fields in the form. User can specify full name or any part of the name in a text field, or choose one item from an selection field.

Proper citation: Therapeutic Target Database (RRID:SCR_006892) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://funspec.med.utoronto.ca/

FunSpec is a web-based tool for statistical evaluation of groups of genes and proteins (e.g. co-regulated genes, protein complexes, genetic interactors) with respect to existing annotations, including GO terms. FunSpec (an acronym for Functional Specification) inputs a list of yeast gene names, and outputs a summary of functional classes, cellular localizations, protein complexes, etc. that are enriched in the list. The classes and categories evaluated were downloaded from the MIPS Database and the GO Database . In addition, many published datasets have been compiled to evaluate enrichment against. Hypertext links to the publications are given. The p-values, calculated using the hypergeometric distribution, represent the probability that the intersection of given list with any given functional category occurs by chance. The Bonferroni-correction divides the p-value threshold, that would be deemed significant for an individual test, by the number of tests conducted and thus accounts for spurious significance due to multiple testing over the categories of a database. After the Bonferroni correction, only those categories are displayed for which the chance probability of enrichment is lower than: p-value/#CD where #CD is the number of categories in the selected database. Without the Bonferroni Correction, all categories are displayed for which the same probability of enrichment is lower than: p-value threshold in an individual test Note that many genes are contained in many categories, especially in the MIPS database (which are hierarchical) and that this can create biases for which FunSpec currently makes no compensation. Also the databases are treated as independent from one another, which is really not the case, and each is searched seperately, which may not be optimal for statistical calculations. Nonetheless, we find it useful for sifting through the results of clustering analysis, TAP pulldowns, etc. Platform: Online tool

Proper citation: FunSpec (RRID:SCR_006952) Copy   

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http://as-alps.nagahama-i-bio.ac.jp

This database, AS-ALPS (Alternative Splicing-induced ALteration of Protein Structure), is aimed at providing useful information to analyze effect of AS on protein interaction and network through alteration of protein structure. In AS-ALPS, regions of amino acid sequences changed by AS (AS regions) which are detected in human and mouse transcript sequences in H-InvDB, FANTOM and RefSeq, are linked to information extracted from PDB about residues forming hydrophobic cores and inter-molecular interaction sites. This makes it possible to directly infer whether protein structure and/or interaction are affected by each AS event. In addition, AS-ALPS provides links to a protein network database KEGG, making it easy to know which network and which node in the network can be influenced by AS. :Sponsors: This database was supported by a grant of the Genome Network Project from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. :

Proper citation: Alternate Splicing - induced ALteration of Protein Structure (RRID:SCR_007554) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://blocks.fhcrc.org

Blocks is a database of highly conserved regions of proteins, or Blocks. THe database is no longer maintained or updated and some of its tools are no longer functional. However, Blocks does provide Block Searcher, Get Blocks and Block Maker, aids to detection and verification of protein sequence homology. They compare a protein or DNA sequence to a database of protein blocks (current version), retrieve blocks, and create new blocks, respectively. Users can further view blocks by (keyword or number), search a sequence against the database of blocks, search blocks against each other, or make blocks of their own.

Proper citation: Blocks (RRID:SCR_007567) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry