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http://www.med.unc.edu/bric/ideagroup/free-softwares/libra-longitudinal-infant-brain-processing-package

A toolbox with graphical user interfaces for processing infant brain MR images. Longitudinal (or single-time-point) multimodality (including T1, T2, and FA) (or single-modality) data can be processed using the toolbox. Main functions of the software (step by step) include image preprocessing, brain extraction, tissue segmentation and brain labeling. Linux operating system (64 bit) is required. A workstation or server with memory >8G is recommended for processing many images simutaneously. The graphical user interfaces and overall framework of the software are implemented in MATLAB. The image processing functions are implemented with the combination of C/C++, MATLAB, Perl and Shell languages. Parallelization technologies are used in the software to speed up image processing.

Proper citation: iBEAT (RRID:SCR_002470) Copy   

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http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/

A physiologic and molecular look at drug addiction involving many factors including: basic neurobiology, a scientific examination of drug action in the brain, the role of genetics in addiction, and ethical considerations. Designed to be used by students, teachers and members of the public, the materials meet selected US education standards for science and health. Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by changes in the brain which result in a compulsive desire to use a drug. A combination of many factors including genetics, environment and behavior influence a person's addiction risk, making it an incredibly complicated disease. The new science of addiction considers all of these factors - from biology to family - to unravel the complexities of the addicted brain. * Natural Reward Pathways Exist in the Brain: The reward pathway is responsible for driving our feelings of motivation, reward and behavior. * Drugs Alter the Brain's Reward Pathway: Drugs work over time to change the reward pathway and affect the entire brain, resulting in addiction. * Genetics Is An Important Factor In Addiction: Genetic susceptibility to addiction is the result of the interaction of many genes. * Timing and Circumstances Influence Addiction: If you use drugs when you are an adolescent, you are more likely to develop lifetime addiction. An individual's social environment also influences addiction risk. * Challenges and Issues in Addiction: Addiction impacts society with many ethical, legal and social issues.

Proper citation: New Science of Addiction: Genetics and the Brain (RRID:SCR_002770) Copy   

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http://www.cnl.salk.edu/

The long range goal of this laboratory is to understand the computational resources of brains from the biophysical to the systems levels. The central issues being addressed are how dendrites integrate synaptic signals in neurons, how networks of neurons generate dynamical patterns of activity, how sensory information is represented in the cerebral cortex, how memory representations are formed and consolidated during sleep, and how visuo-motor transformations are adaptively organized. Additionally, new techniques have been developed for modeling cell signaling using Monte Carlo methods (MCell) and the blind separation of brain imaging data into functionally independent components (ICA).

Proper citation: Computational Neurobiology Laboratory at the Salk Institute (RRID:SCR_002809) Copy   

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http://www.cnsforum.com/educationalresources/imagebank/

A collection of downloadable central nervous system (CNS) images for teaching, presentations, articles, and other purposes. The following major categories of images are as follows: Brain anatomy, Brain physiology, Anxiety, Depression, Schizophrenia, Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Stroke, and Others.

Proper citation: CNSforum: Image Bank (RRID:SCR_002718) Copy   

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http://www.rbwb.org/

The Rodent Brain WorkBench is the portal to atlases, databases and tools developed by the Neural Systems and Graphics Computing Laboratory (NeSys) at the Centre for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience (CMBN), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. The Rodent Brain WorkBench presents a collection of brain mapping and atlasing oriented database applications and tools. The main category of available data is high resolution mosaic images covering complete histological sections through the rat and mouse brain. A highly structured relational database system for archiving, retrieving, viewing, and analysing microscopy and imaging data, aiming at presentation in standardized brain atlas space, is used to present a series of web applications for individual research projects. * Brain Connectivity * Atlases of Mouse Brain Promoter Gene Expression * General Brain Atlas and Navigation Systems * Downloadable tools for 3-DVisualization Open Access: * Atlas 3D * Cerebro-Cerebellar I * Cerebro-Cerebellar II * Neurotransporter Atlas * Rat Hippocampus * Tet-Off Atlas I (PrP) * Tet-Off Atlas II (PrP/CamKII) * Whole Brain Connectivity Atlas The data presented have been produced in collaboration with a large number of laboratories in Europe and the United States.

Proper citation: Rodent Brain WorkBench (RRID:SCR_002727) Copy   

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http://sumsdb.wustl.edu/sums/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on May 11, 2016. Repository of brain-mapping data (surfaces and volumes; structural and functional data) derived from studies including fMRI and MRI from many laboratories, providing convenient access to a growing body of neuroimaging and related data. WebCaret is an online visualization tool for viewing SumsDB datasets. SumsDB includes: * data on cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex * individual subject data and population data mapped to atlases * data from FreeSurfer and other brainmapping software besides Caret SumsDB provides multiple levels of data access and security: * Free (public) access (e.g., for data associated with published studies) * Data access restricted to collaborators in different laboratories * Owner-only access for work in progress Data can be downloaded from SumsDB as individual files or as bundles archived for offline visualization and analysis in Caret WebCaret provides online Caret-style visualization while circumventing software and data downloads. It is a server-side application running on a linux cluster at Washington University. WebCaret "scenes" facilitate rapid visualization of complex combinations of data Bi-directional links between online publications and WebCaret/SumsDB provide: * Links from figures in online journal article to corresponding scenes in WebCaret * Links from metadata in WebCaret directly to relevant online publications and figures

Proper citation: SumsDB (RRID:SCR_002759) Copy   

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http://sncid.stanleyresearch.org/

A database of 1749 neuropathological markers measured in 12 different brain regions from 60 brains in the Consortium Collection from the Stanley Medical Research Institute combined with microarray data and statistical tools. Fifteen brains each are from patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression, and unaffected controls. The four groups are matched by age, sex, race, postmortem interval, pH, side of brain, and mRNA quality. A Repository of raw data is also included. Users must register for access.

Proper citation: Stanley Neuropathology Consortium Integrative Database (RRID:SCR_002749) Copy   

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http://www.mrn.org/

Non-profit organization focused on imaging technology that is dedicated to advancing the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness and brain injury. MRN consists of an interdisciplinary association of scientists located at universities, national laboratories and research centers around the world and is focused on imaging technology and its emergence as an integral element of neuroscience investigation. The MRNs initial plan called for the building of state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) neuroimaging systems to be applied to studies of mental illness. This important task was carried out by Minds initial collaborators: Massachusetts General Hospitals Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center (Harvard and MIT), the University of Minnesota, the University of New Mexico, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Since both the Network and the mission have expanded beyond building neuroimaging tools, a comprehensive understanding of mental illness and more fundamental and systematic understanding of the brain, is possible. The MRN Mobile Imaging system is a custom designed one-of-a-kind facility.

Proper citation: Mind Research Network (RRID:SCR_002925) Copy   

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http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/

Software library of image analysis and statistical tools for fMRI, MRI and DTI brain imaging data. Include registration, atlases, diffusion MRI tools for parameter reconstruction and probabilistic taractography, and viewer. Several brain atlases, integrated into FSLView and Featquery, allow viewing of structural and cytoarchitectonic standard space labels and probability maps for cortical and subcortical structures and white matter tracts. Includes Harvard-Oxford cortical and subcortical structural atlases, Julich histological atlas, JHU DTI-based white-matter atlases, Oxford thalamic connectivity atlas, Talairach atlas, MNI structural atlas, and Cerebellum atlas.

Proper citation: FSL (RRID:SCR_002823) Copy   

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http://www.cmbn.no/ottersen/

A laboratory that investigates the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease, with a focus on the role of glutamate excitotoxicity. It aims at unraveling the molecular basis for cell death and edema development in stroke, and explores the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and temporal lobe epilepsy. The main objective of the LMN is to advance understanding of the role of glutamate, as a transmitter substance in the normal brain and as a mediator of excitotoxicity in pathological conditions such as stroke. To this end the LMN employs several vital and nonvital imaging techniques. Model systems includes organotypic slice cultures and transgenic animals. An important focus of the LMN is to explore the role of DNA damage and repair in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. LMN is also engaged in research on molecular mechanism underlying brain edema, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease.

Proper citation: Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, University of Oslo (RRID:SCR_008097) Copy   

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http://www.cabiatl.com/mricro/

MRIcro allows Windows and Linux computers view medical images. It is a standalone program, but includes tools to complement SPM (software that allows neuroimagers to analyze MRI, fMRI and PET images). MRIcro allows efficient viewing and exporting of brain images. In addition, it allows neuropsychologists to identify regions of interest (ROIs, e.g. lesions). MRIcro can create Analyze format headers for exporting brain images to other platforms. Some features of MRIcro are: - Converts medical images to SPM friendly Analyze format. - View Analyze format images (big or little endian). - Create Analyze format headers (big or little endian). - Create 3D regions of interest (with computed volume & intensity). - Overlap multiple regions of interest. - Rotate images to match SPM template images. - Export images to BMP, JPEG, PNG or TIF format. - Yoked images: linked viewing of multiple images (e.g. view same coordinates of PET and MRI scans). Users familiar with other Windows programs will find that this software is fairly straightforward to use. Resting the mouse cursor over a button will cause a text hint to appear over the button. However, a tutorial with a step by step guide of how to use MRIcro with SPM is available.

Proper citation: MRIcro Software (RRID:SCR_008264) Copy   

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http://diademchallenge.org/data_sets.html

A software development competition, the DIADEM Challenge,to benefit the scientific community by encouraging the development of better software for automating three-dimensional reconstructions of neuronal arbors. The intent of the Sponsors is to ensure that the best software submitted for the competition is made available to the scientific community within a reasonable time and on reasonable terms. No purchase is necessary to enter or win. The competition will have two rounds. As of April 10, 2009, individuals and teams may register to participate in the competition and may download sets of image stacks (Data Sets) of non-human animal brains along with three-dimensional reconstructions for some of these Data Sets for training purposes. Submissions of software, including executable programs, supporting documentation, and reconstruction files for the Data Sets, must be uploaded to the competition website no later than April 9, 2010. In order to be eligible to win the competition, the individuals and at least one member of any teams whose submissions are selected for the Final Round (Finalists) must participate in the Final Round and scientific conference. Personal participation in the Final Round and scientific conference is important for two main reasons: first, because the Finalists software will be tested at the Final Round against additional Data Sets so that the judges can select a winner or winners, and second, because the larger scientific conference, of which the Final Round will be a part, is intended to foster extensive scientific interaction among neuroscientists and computational scientists, including plenary and poster sessions to discuss challenges, solutions, and future directions. There are 5 datasets, all of which have to be reconstructed for the qualifier phase. Once you have registered your group, dataset download information will be sent to you via E-mail. The 5 datasets are: - Cerebellar Climbing Fibers - Hippocampal CA3 Interneuron - Neocortical Layer 6 Axons - Neuromuscular Projection Fibers - Olfactory Projection Fibers Sponsors: The sponsors of this competition are: Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, Washington; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, Maryland; and Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.

Proper citation: DIADEM Challenge: DIgital reconstruction of Axonal and DEndritic Morphology (DIADEM) Software Development Competition (RRID:SCR_008262) Copy   

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http://www.ini.uzh.ch/

The mission of the Institute is to discover the key principles by which brains work and to implement these in artificial systems that interact intelligently with the real world. The Institute of Neuroinformatics is built of many people covering a wide range of disciplines and research areas. The major research projects and areas are listed below. - Behavior and Cognition: At the Institute of Neuroinformatics researchers investigate in Behavior and Cognition on various levels, ranging from neuronal circuit models of learning and adaptation over psychophysical experiments for color constancy up to modeling complex behavioral tasks such as exploration and goal-directed navigation. - Computation in Neural Circuits: By examining the brains of cats, rats and monkeys, and by making simulations of the cortex, INI hopes to learn how this circuit performs such widely different tasks. This knowledge might lead to advances in how computers are designed, and will certainly lead to advances in the subtlety and power of medical neuroscience. - Neurotechnologies: INI aims to harness the principles of biological computation, which can be expected to have a major impact on the technology market as autonomous intelligence pervades equipment, vehicles, buildings, utilities and clothing. Sponsors: INI is supported by European Union (EU), Gerbert Ruf Stiftung, Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Swiss Confederation (KTI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), University of Zurich (UZH), and VW Stiftung

Proper citation: Institute of Neuroinformatics (RRID:SCR_008331) Copy   

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http://psychiatry.stanford.edu/alzheimer/

Portal for gerontology research with a variety of clinical, research and educational programs, with the aim of improving the lives of those affected by Alzheimer's Disease and memory losses associated with normal aging. The Center investigates the nature of Alzheimer's Disease, its progression over time, its response to treatments, and problems patients and caregivers experience in dealing with the changes that occur. It also conducts studies that look at changes that occur over the course of normal aging and have a Normal Aging Brain Donor Program. The Aging Clinical Research Center puts out a newsletter that showcases various projects and includes informative articles on dementia.

Proper citation: Stanford/VA Aging Clinical Research Center (RRID:SCR_008678) Copy   

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http://www.brainvoyager.de/BV2000OnlineHelp/BrainVoyagerWebHelp/Talairach_brain_atlas.htm

The Talairach brain atlas visualized via BrainVoyager (Commercial software) can be used to visualize Brodmann areas as they were defined for the Talairach brain (Talairach & Tournaux, 1988) and to compare regions of subjects with respect to the Brodmann areas. The demarcated areas are based on the Talairach demon, which is a digitized version of the Talairach atlas and which has been transferred into BrainVoyager VOI files by Matthias Ruf, Mannheim. Using the Brodman.voi file you may ask questions like the following: What is the signal time course of subject N in experiment A within Brodmann area X ?. Note, however, that the defined areal boundaries should be used only as a rough guideline for determining the location of activated regions: There is substantial variation of histologically defined areas between subjects. Since cytoarchitectonically defined Brodmann areas are not available in vivo, we advise to use the provided information with care. The TalairachBrain.vmr file is located in the same folder as your BrainVoyager executable file. It can be loaded as any VMR project by using the Open... item in the File menu (or the Open icon). The TalairachBrain.vmr file is also loaded automatically when using the glass brain visualization tool.

Proper citation: BrainVoyager: Talairach Brain Atlas (RRID:SCR_008800) Copy   

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http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/taub/index.html

An institute which conducts research of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other age-related brain diseases. This organization also provides clinical evaluations to patients with memory problems, Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia. Furthermore, the institute leads multi-center clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other age-related brain diseases. There is a brain donation program for enrolled/examined patients. The Education Core of the Taub Institute sponsors community events and Continuing Medical Education programs, as well as the distribution of periodic newsletters and brochures highlighting research developments and other Alzheimer's topics.

Proper citation: Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimers Disease and the Aging Brain (RRID:SCR_008802) Copy   

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http://madrc.mgh.harvard.edu/

An Alzheimer's disease research center which supports new research and enhances ongoing research by providing core support to bringing together behavioral, biomedical, and clinical scientists. The Center conducts multidisciplinary research, trains scientists, and spreads information about Alzheimer's disease and related disorders to the general public. The principal goal of the Massachusetts ADRC is to support research in aging, Alzheimer's Disease and other related disorders. Researchers work with national and international multi-disciplinary teams to understand: normal aging, the transition from normal aging to mild forms of memory problems, and the later stages of dementia. The Massachusetts ADRC has an active brain donation program at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) for patients as well as subjects enrolled in research studies.

Proper citation: Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (RRID:SCR_008764) Copy   

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https://www.radc.rush.edu/res/ext/home.htm

An Alzheimer's disease center which researches the cause, treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease with a focus on four main areas of research: risk factors for Alzheimer's and related disorders, the neurological basis of the disease, diagnosis, and treatment. Data includes a number of computed variables that are available for ROS, MAP and MARS cohorts. These variables are under categories such as affect and personality, chronic medical conditions, and clinical diagnosis. Specimens include ante-mortem and post-mortem samples obtained from subjects evaluated by ROS, MAP and clinical study cores. Specimen categories include: Brain tissue (Fixed and frozen), Spinal cord, Muscles (Post-mortem), and Nerve (Post-mortem), among other types of specimens. Data sharing policies and procedures apply to obtaining ante-mortem and post-mortem specimens from participants evaluated by the selected cohorts of the RADC.

Proper citation: Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (RRID:SCR_008763) Copy   

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http://www.ttuhsc.edu/centers/aging/giabrainbank.aspx

The Brain Bank was developed with two service-minded objectives: provide a free brain autopsy to confirm clinical diagnosis of dementia, and collect, bank and provide brain tissue to qualified scientific researchers studying diseases related to dementia. By working together, patients and researchers can help us understand the origins of neurodegenerative disease and eventually improve the treatment and care of dementia. The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease can only be confirmed by brain autopsy, or the examination of brain tissue after death. This examination will determine a patients's precise type of dementia. To confirm the diagnosis of Alzheimer's, for example, the brain tissue is examined for amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles by a neuropathologist. The presence of these plaques and tangles will verify the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. While it is important to us to enroll patients with dementia, it is equally important to enroll people with no dementia. These subjects are termed as controls and the brain tissue from controls will enable researchers to make comparisons to brain tissue from dementia patients. We are seeking donations from individuals who have had an age-related neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Lewy Body or other related dementia.

Proper citation: GIA Brain Bank Program (RRID:SCR_008877) Copy   

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http://adc.med.nyu.edu/

The NYU Alzheimer's Disease Center is part of the Department of Psychiatry at New York University School of Medicine. The center's goals are to advance current knowledge and understanding of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease, to expand the numbers of scientists working in the field of aging and Alzheimer's research, to work toward better treatment options and care for patients, and to apply and share its findings with healthcare providers, researchers, and the general public. The ADC's programs and services extend to other research facilities and to healthcare professionals through the use of its core facilities. The NYU ADC is made up of seven core facilities: Administrative Core, Clinical Core, Neuropathology Core, Education Core, Data Management and Biostatistics Core, Neuroimaging Core, and Psychosocial Core.

Proper citation: NYU Alzheimer's Disease Center (RRID:SCR_008754) Copy   

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